Один из читателей Николай, предложил тему для нашей рубрики. Формулы вежливости, а именно как начать разговор. Действительно, надо было сделать эту тему в самом начале, но что-то не пришло на ум. Но спешу исправиться.

Итак, самое банально, но, тем не менее, самое распространенное приветствие:

Полезно выучивать диалоги такого типа наизусть, чтобы формулы всплывали в памяти моментально.

Далее… Тоже достаточно банальное выраженьице:

Данное выражение приемлемо скорее для случая, когда Вы знаете человека, хотя, например, для американцев нет преград.

Из диалога Вы узнали еще одно выраженьице:

Подведем итог. Это, конечно же, далеко не все варианты приветствий. Остальные мы рассмотрим в следующем выпуске. А пока сведем полученные знания в таблицу, для простоты запоминания.

 В этом разделе мы как обычно публикуем Ваши вопросы. Если у Вас имеется подобная информация , или Вы знаете, где её можно найти, то помогите тем, кому этот материал необходим. 

В этом выпуске хотелось бы рассказать Вам о такой полезной конторе как American Center. Те кто живёт в Москве и интересуется английским должны знать об этом центре. Находится он на 3-м этаже библиотеки иностранной литературы. Там (предварительно записавшись конечно - абсолютно бесплатно) Вы сможете брать различную литературу на дом, а также работать в Интернете (тоже бесплатно). Но Вы спросите меня, что это даёт большинству из Вас, кто живёт за пределами Москвы и Московской области. Так вот у них есть ещё одна очень полезная услуга - предоставление различного вида справок по e-mail. Всё что от Вас требуется это послать письмо с интересующим Вас вопросом по адресу amcenter@amc.ru , и через некоторое время (обычно 1-2 недели) Вам пришлют письмо с адресами в Интернете, где можно найти эту информацию. Единственный недостаток - справочная служба оставляет за собой право проигнорировать Ваш вопрос, если он не относится к Америке. Но при правильной формулировке вопроса этого можно избежать.

Надеемся, что это поможет Вам. Если кто располагает подобной информацией, где можно бесплатно проконсультироваться по e-mail, пишите. Мы обязательно опубликуем это в следующих выпусках рассылки.

Here you must choose the word or phrase which completes the sentence best.

/1/What time _____________ the next train ______________ ?
A. does-leave
B. is-leaving
C. has-left
D. shall-leave

/2/None of the students ______________ finished the exam yet.
A. have
B. had
C. is 
D. are

/3/Mr Scot told his students that they _____________ good tennis players.
A. had been
B. have been
C. are
D. were

/4/Margaret asked when they ______________ back.
A. are
B. were
C. will be
D. would be

/5/The teacher made John  _______________ the roomat once.
A. to leave
B. left
C. leave
D. leaving

/6/Would you like ______________ a film tonight?
A. to see
B. seeing
C. see
D. to be seeing

/7/Tom stopped ______________ on his doctor's advice.
A. to smoke
B. smoking
C. smoke
D. to be smoking

/8/Would you mind not ________ during the film?
A. to talk
B. talking
C. talk
D. to be talking

/9/He spoke in a low voice, but I ______________ hear him well.
A. could
B. can
C. may
D. must

/10/Take an umbrella with you. It's fine now, but it ______________ rain in the afternoon.
A. could
B. can
C. would
D. must

Choose a proper part of a word which makes a whole word and completes the sentence best.

Read the story and replace the figures with one of the following forms of the articles:
/ A.a / B.an / C.the / D.zero article /

BEIJING? PEKING!

Beijing is (-1-) capital of (-2-) Peoples Republic of China. It is situated in (-3-) north-west of (-4-) North China play and spreads across a vast area. Part of its border is formed by (-5-) Great Wall of China, a huge wall that stretched along the mountains. Although it is only the second largest city in China, it has (-6-) population of over ten million people and is still growing. Beijing appeared in 1421. Like in many ancient Chinees cities, the streets and walls were based on the points of (-7-) compass.

Among the many historical and cultural landmarks in Beijing is (-8-) Tienanmen Square, one of the largest public squares in the world. On the west side if the Square is the Great Hall of the People.To the south is the massive Memorial Hall of Chairman Mao, which was built to hold (-9-) remains of the founder of (-10-) Communist China, Mao Tse Tung. 

Here are given the keys for the test №G11. Grammatical commentaries are situated next to the key. Sign "=" means that it is a set-expression and it should be learned by heart. If you have any questions write to me at once.

Here are given the keys for the test №V11. Grammatical commentaries are situated next to the key. Sign "=" means that it is a set-expression and it should be learned by heart. If you have any questions write to me at once.

Here are given the keys for the test №A11. Grammatical commentaries are situated next to the key. Sign "=" means that it is a set-expression and it should be learned by heart. If you have any questions write to me at once.

Закончился конкурс на лучшую статью. Приносим свои извинения, что он затянулся дольше, чем планировалось. Но тем не менее победитель выявлен. Победила статья Death Penalty (23 голоса). Мы поздравляем победителя, и в свою очередь хотели бы попросить об одной услуге: нам бы хотелось, чтобы голосование проходило в режиме on-line, засчитывая IP компьютера, чтобы проголосовать с одного компьютера можно было только один раз. Если кто знает, как это осуществить, напишите нам пожалуйста. Заранее благодарны.

С этого номера мы объявляем новый конкурс (Май, Июнь). Присылайте свои стать по тому же адресу - sisers@mail.ru . На сегодняшний день в конкурсе принимают участи 2 статьи, одну из которых мы и публикуем в этом номере рассылки.

The Young Offenders Act

This essay was written to show the advantages and disadvantages of the Young Offenders Act over the previous Juvenile Delinquents Act. Also it should give a theoretical underezding of the current Canadian Juvenile-Justice system, the act and it's implications and the effects of the young offenders needs and mental health on the outcome of the trials. In the interest of society the young offenders act was brought forth on april second 1984. This act was created to ensure the rights and the needs of a young person. Alan W. Leshied says "On one hand the justice and legal objectives of the act are being effectively realized while on the other hand the needs and treatment aspects of it leave much to be desired." The research of the Young offenders act is still ongoing but Leshied says that it is becoming clear that the custody positions have been in dispute since the act came into effect. The old Juvenile delinquency act states in section 38 "The care and custody and discipline of a juvenile delinquent shall approximate as nearly as maybe that which should be given by his parents, and... as far as practability every juvenile delinquent shall be treated, not as a criminal, but as a misguided and misdirected child  needing aid, encouragement, help and assiezce." If a youth is close to the adult age of 18 years they could be transfered to the adult justice system. This means that they would be given the same sentences as an adult including and up to life in prison. Many people have tried to correct this problem that they see as a weakness. Yet, so far their attempts have failed. Another weakness they find, is that the courts are expensive and unsatisfactory methods of dealing with crime that is not very serious.Before the fabrication of legal aid most young offenders were not able to obtain legal services. "Subsection provides that, were a young person wishes to obtain counsel but is not able to do so, the youth-court judge shall refer the young person to the provincial legal-aid, or assiezce program. If no such program is available or the young person is unable to obtain counsel through an available program, the youth court judge may, and on the request of the young person shall direct the young person to be represented by counsel." To establish a relationship between the young offender and the lawyer, thew lawyer must be able to receive instructions from his/her client. Usually there is little difficulty either receiving or carrieing out the instructions of his/her client. Special problems can arise when the client is a young person. The problems faced by this, is the young person may not be able to communicate with counsel. While the lawyer and young person need not a specific statement for the client as to a preferred outcome it should take form of a general expression of the client's feelings or attitudes in the major issues of the precedings the young person must be able to make decisions that may hold significant repercussions.

G12: A/A/D/D/C/A/B/B/A/C

L12: B/C/C/D/A/D/A/C/B/A

A12: C/C/C/C/C/A/C/D/C/D

So, what are your results? I believe that grammar commentaries helped you to understand everything and correct your mistakes.
The keys for the tests (№11;№V11;№A11) with grammar commentaries will be published next time. If you have any difficulties or problems you can consult me at any time.It'll be a pleasure for me to be useful and help you (don't be afraid of being active).
I hope that this list will be useful for you and will help you to develop your language skills. Next time these tests are going to be deeply analysed and grammar material will be represented.
If you have any questions or suggestions write to me at once (in English if you can). Please, write to me if you want to get more information in English.